First Signs of Multiple Sclerosis Found Years Before Symptoms

First Signs of Multiple Sclerosis Found Years Before SymptomsResearchers have traced the earliest stages of multiple sclerosis (MS), showing that the immune system begins attacking the brain up to seven years before diagnosis. By analyzing over 5,000 blood proteins, they identified molecular signs of damage to myelin—the protective sheath around nerve fibers—long before symptoms emerge.

Theta Brain Waves Act Like Radar to Boost Visual Working Memory

Theta Brain Waves Act Like Radar to Boost Visual Working MemoryNew research shows that the brain’s ability to detect subtle visual changes—like spotting an anomaly on a security monitor—depends on theta-frequency brain waves (3–6 Hz) that rhythmically sweep across the cortex. These traveling waves act like a radar, scanning different parts of the visual field and influencing when and where attention peaks.

How the Brain Learns New Facts About Imaginary Worlds

How the Brain Learns New Facts About Imaginary WorldsLearning new information about the world—like details from a fantasy realm—engages brain regions distinct from those used to recall personal experiences. In a new study, participants learned fictional facts about imaginary civilizations and were later tested on what they remembered.